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Navigating the VA claims process can be complex and frustrating, especially when veterans face denials or receive lower-than-expected ratings. While the VA offers options like Higher-Level Reviews (HLRs) and appeals to the Board of Veterans’ Appeals (BVA), veterans often make mistakes that can delay or jeopardize their chances of success. Avoiding these common errors in 2025 can significantly increase the likelihood of a favorable outcome.

1. Not Understanding the Criteria for Each Option

One of the biggest mistakes veterans make is choosing the wrong path for their case. HLRs are limited to reviewing existing evidence without allowing for new submissions, whereas BVA appeals offer options to present new evidence or request a hearing. Veterans who need to introduce additional medical records or service documentation should avoid HLRs and opt for a BVA appeal instead.

2. Missing Filing Deadlines

Timeliness is crucial when filing HLRs and BVA appeals. Veterans have one year from the date of the VA’s decision to request an HLR or submit a Notice of Disagreement (NOD) for a BVA appeal. Missing these deadlines can result in having to start the claims process all over again. Veterans should be diligent in tracking their deadlines and filing promptly.

3. Failing to Identify Specific Errors in HLR Requests

An HLR is not a chance to simply express dissatisfaction with a decision—it requires veterans to clearly identify specific errors in the original decision. This could include misinterpretation of medical evidence, failure to consider certain documents, or procedural mistakes. Veterans who provide vague or general complaints are less likely to see favorable outcomes.

4. Not Providing Sufficient Evidence for BVA Appeals

While HLRs do not permit new evidence, BVA appeals often require strong supporting documentation. Veterans who fail to submit relevant medical records, expert opinions, or service-related documentation weaken their case. New evidence should directly address the reasons for the initial denial or low rating.

5. Overlooking the Importance of a Compelling Personal Statement

In BVA appeals, particularly those involving hearings, a well-crafted personal statement can make a significant difference. Veterans often underestimate the power of their own testimony in explaining how their service-related condition affects their daily life. Personal statements should be clear, detailed, and emotionally impactful.

6. Choosing the Wrong BVA Review Option

The BVA offers three review options: direct review, evidence submission, and hearings. Veterans sometimes choose direct review without realizing they are forfeiting the chance to present new evidence or explain their case in a hearing. It’s essential to carefully evaluate which option aligns best with the strengths and needs of the case.

7. Not Seeking Professional Assistance

Navigating the VA appeals process alone can be overwhelming. Veterans who fail to seek help from a Veterans Service Officer (VSO) or an accredited representative often miss critical details that could strengthen their case. These professionals have the experience and knowledge to guide veterans through the process, identify errors, and present a strong case.

8. Failing to Prepare Properly for BVA Hearings

For veterans opting for a BVA hearing, preparation is essential. A common mistake is showing up unprepared or unable to clearly articulate the key points of the case. Veterans should practice answering potential questions, gather all necessary evidence, and be ready to explain how their condition is service-connected and impacts their daily life.

9. Being Passive During the Process

The VA appeals process requires proactive engagement. Veterans who fail to follow up, respond to requests for information, or monitor the status of their case risk delays or unfavorable outcomes. Regularly checking the VA’s online portal and maintaining open communication with representatives is crucial.

10. Giving Up Too Early

Perhaps the most disheartening mistake is when veterans give up after an initial denial or an unfavorable HLR outcome. The VA system may be challenging, but persistence pays off. Veterans have multiple levels of appeal and can even escalate their case to the U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims if necessary.

Final Thoughts

Filing HLRs and BVA appeals in 2025 requires attention to detail, strategic decision-making, and persistence. By avoiding these common mistakes, veterans can increase their chances of receiving the benefits they rightfully deserve. The process may be daunting, but with the right preparation and support, a successful outcome is achievable.